CN101473304B - By the method that circuit simulation is graded to webpage - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of by utilizing the method for the emulation ratings sites of equivalent electrical circuit.This method starts from emulation search the Internet to find the hyperlink (204) between website, utilize the Preliminary Content mark (206) of content analysis determination website, receive user inquire about and obtain the site list (210) corresponding to inquiry, set up net circuit to represent site list, wherein each website is represented by the node in electronic circuit and internodal electric current is controlled (212) by class diode apparatus, emulate website subsequently and computing node magnitude of voltage (216), subsequently based on node voltage classification website and to website distribution rank (218), receive user's inquiry subsequently and produce the site list (220) corresponding to inquiry from graded site list, the site list of generation like this is exported to user subsequently.

Description

A Method for Rating Web Pages by Circuit Simulation

Background technique

[01] The number of sites (websites) on the World Wide Web (web) or the Internet has grown to billions. Efficient methods for finding useful sites and information on the web are becoming increasingly important to users. Including Google ^™ , Ask.com ^™ , Yahoo! The Internet search engines of ^TM and MSN ^TM use different methods to efficiently search sites. Site search has become an important part of Internet users' daily life, and it has great value in bringing people information.

[02] At present, there are still many shortcomings in the site search technology of various algorithms. Google technology company adopts PageRank in its search engine (Web Page Rating) and the Hilltop method. This method ranks sites based on the hyperlinks between them. It uses a "powermethod" to find the eigenvectors of the so-called teleportation matrix. This eigenvector gives the rank of the site. To ensure convergence, a teleport parameter equal to 0.85 is used. It has been reported that the PageRank method gives different results when different remote parameters are used. Another algorithmic search method (ie, the ExpertRank (expert rating) method adopted by Ask.com ^TM ) also solves the problem of eigenvalues and eigenvectors. The method doesn't just identify pages with information on a topic, called "authorities"; it also looks for pages that contain many links to pages with useful information on the topic, called "authorities.""networkcentre". This is based on the assumption that the most authoritative pages on a given topic are those most frequently pointed to by other pages.

[03] Existing algorithms are susceptible to link spam, where spammy sites boost their rank by creating a large number of links pointing to their sites. Additionally, some existing algorithms are not conducive to large network domains with a large number of interconnected sites.

[04] Expect to find sites with a lot of content and sites with multiple weighted inbound links. It is also expected to help webmasters maintain their sites and remove spam links.

Contents of the invention

[5] Broadly speaking, the present invention addresses these needs by providing a method for ranking sites via circuit simulation.

[6] It should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various ways, including process, device, system, device or method and so on. A number of inventive embodiments of the invention are described below.

[7] In one embodiment of the present invention, a method for rating sites is provided. The method includes generating a network circuit model with nodes representing each site. Simulate the model to identify the potential at each node. The sites can then be graded according to the potentials of the corresponding nodes of these sites. The mesh circuit model has energy sources configured to transfer energy to the mesh circuit. The energy source is connected to each node through a source connector with a selected resistance. In addition, each node is connected to an energy drain using a drain connection that has a resistance related to the content score of the site corresponding to the node and the number of inbound links, as well as the voltage level of the corresponding web page providing the link. flat. For each hyperlink connecting a first of the sites to a second of the sites, a diode-like device is added to the network circuit between the first and second of the nodes, the first node corresponding to The first station, the second node corresponds to the second station, and the diode arrangement makes it easier for current to flow from the first node to the second node than from the second node to the first node.

[8] In another embodiment, a method of performing a web search (websearch) using a computer system is provided. In the method, a site on a network is identified. For each site, a content score is given based on the content of the site. An index of sites is generated, which is a computer-searchable database indexed by terms found in those sites. A grid circuit model is generated including nodes representing each station, energy sources, and source connections corresponding to each node. Each source connection connects the energy source to one of the nodes and each drain connection connects each node to ground. The source connection has a selected resistance and the drain connection has a resistance related to the content score of the site associated with the same node and the number of inbound links and the voltage level of the corresponding web page providing the link. Each hyperlink connecting two sites is represented in a web circuit as a diode-like device having a low resistance in the direction corresponding to the direction of the hyperlink and a high resistance in the opposite direction corresponding to the direction of the hyperlink. resistance. A computer is used to simulate the grid circuit to determine the potential of each node. Sites are rated and classified according to their respective voltages at their respective nodes. A list of a subset of sites is then generated, the subset comprising a plurality of sites relevant to the query.

[9] The advantages of the present invention will become very clear through the following detailed description of the principle examples of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Description of drawings

[10] The present invention will be fully understood through the following detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Wherein the same reference numerals represent the same structural components.

[11] Figure 1 shows, by way of example, a network circuit representing multiple stations.

[12] Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the relationship between current and potential difference between two nodes in the network circuit of Fig. 1 by way of example.

[13] Figures 3A and 3B illustrate, by way of example, network circuit transformations for enhanced ratings for deep rating sites.

[14] FIG. 4 shows, by way of example, a flow diagram of a program for performing a web site search using rated sites.

[15] FIG. 5 shows, by way of example, a flow diagram of a process for delivering advertisements using rated online encyclopedia pages.

[16] FIG. 6 shows a flowchart representative by way of example of a process for integrating a website directory and website search to improve search relevancy.

detailed description

[17] In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without one or more of the specific details. In other instances, well known process operations and implementation details have not been described in detail in order not to unnecessarily obscure the aspects of the present invention. As used herein, the term "webpage" means a document having a single web address. The term "website" refers to a collection of related web pages, such as online documents, with the same root URL. The phrase "web" refers to all indexable sites and web pages accessible through the Internet.

【18】Network Modeling

[19] The method described here is essentially a non-linear method for web page ranking. By "non-linear," it is meant that the system of equations describing web pages for rating purposes is non-linear. The adoption of non-linear equations in the system allows one to model the web to more accurately rank web pages in terms of relevance. In one embodiment, the web is modeled as an integrated circuit, referred to herein as a "web circuit." In the network circuit, circuit design technology can be used to design complex control schemes to deal with garbage sites. The network circuit model also allows for flexible modification or adjustment of the model, either locally or globally, to achieve desired results. Because the network circuit model described here is physical, it always has a physical solution. As will be described in further detail below, this rating method can also take into account history and ensure smoothness in rating changes.

[20] FIG. 1 shows, by way of example, a web circuit 100 representing a plurality of web pages. Each web page is represented as a node 102a - 102d in the web circuit 100 . The grid subscriber is modeled as a voltage node 104 . Voltage node 104 provides an energy source for grid circuit 100 . In one embodiment, the voltage node 104 has a fixed voltage, and its potential can be considered to represent the user's willingness to browse the web. In another embodiment, the energy source has a fixed current. Other energy sources are conceivable without affecting the usability of the model. Resistors 106a-106d connect the user with each site he wants to visit. As will be described in detail below with reference to FIG. 4, in one embodiment, each web page represented as a type of node is retrieved from the list of web pages obtained in a search of the web index. The resistance of the resistors 106a-106d may be considered to represent the difficulty for the user to access the site. The resistance of the resistors 106a-106d may be fixed, that is, consistent for a general search. For topic-dependent searches, as will be described in more detail below, resistance may be topic-dependent. For example: an engineer user can have strong connections to all engineering community or resource web pages, which may be indicated by a lower resistance to nodes representing those web pages. Thus, complex and personalized models can be designed by varying the resistance between the user and the web pages the user is interested in.

[21] For example, a small resistor can be configured between the user and a trusted indexing directory site such as Yahoo.com. Therefore, the potential of these sites is very close to the source potential. Index directory sites are generally authoritative sites that provide links to other high-quality sites that have information on some particular topic. Typically, users are well aware of these sites and frequently visit these sites to find other sites. In practice, the potential (eg voltage) of the web page may be fixed, some approximation to the source potential for many large indexes. So essentially, the node can be seen as an energy source during the simulation. This approximation can save the cost of simulation by reducing the complexity of the circuit. Because indexed directory sites are authoritative, trusting these indexed directories will not compromise the quality of the ratings. In one embodiment, the quality of an indexed directory site is determined subjectively.

[22] In the mesh circuit model, a linear voltage controllable resistor 108a-108d connects each node 102a-102d to ground. The resistance values of the linear voltage controllable resistors 108a-108d may be proportional to the control function, the total number of outbound hyperlinks, the content score (spam is a low score), and the weighted inbound links to the webpage from other webpages. A weighted inbound link is simply a link that utilizes a certain multiplier factor assigned to it based on a number of different factors. For example, a hyperlink between two web pages, such as from web page A to web page B, can be weighted by several factors in converting to resistance value;

1. A linear function of the control voltage v(A, 0), where v(A, 0) is the voltage difference between node A and ground;

2. The inverse of the total number of outbound links to page A if A is not part of the indexed directory site;

3. If A is an indexing directory site, a value proportional to the quality of the indexing directory site, which can be measured by the total number of links in the entire service,

4. The reciprocal of the average number of links per page in the domain of page A,

5. the content score of page A, and

6. The content relevance score associated with the link (the ad link has low content relevance). This gives a score based on the relevancy of the content of the hyperlinked web page B to the content of the web page A that gave the link. In one embodiment, the relevance is determined by searching webpage B for the same terms as webpage A.

[23] Content scores can be used to reduce the impact of content-based spam on the web and decay web pages. Web pages designed solely to enhance the status of these and certain related pages, without enhancing their usefulness to readers, are known as "webspam." Decayed web pages are web pages that contain old and broken hyperlinks, ie, these hyperlinks no longer point to existing web pages. Broken hyperlinks indicate that the webpage is rarely maintained.

[24] A common type of spam is automatically generated by extracting popular words from a dictionary. Some heuristic methods can be used to examine the following statistics to identify them by comparing them with those of ordinary web pages: number of words on a web page and average length of words, amount of anchor text, fragments of visual content , the compressibility of web pages, page fragments extracted from the global common vocabulary, fragments of the global common vocabulary, independent n-gram likelihoods, and conditional n-gram likelihoods. Existing methodologies can be used for content analysis. For example, documents incorporated herein by reference include: "Detecting Spam Web Pages through Content Analysis," by Alexandros Ntoulas et al. Both spam and decaying web pages have low content scores.

[25] In practice, the value of the third item above is set close to 1 for a good index directory site such as Yahoo, and if A has multiple outbound links, the value of the second item above is higher than 1 small lot. The conductivity value (which is the reciprocal of the resistance value) between a node representing a webpage and ground, can be considered to represent the likelihood that a user will get bored and stop surfing the web. Therefore, the ground terminal can represent the end point of web surfing. The relative magnitudes of the resistance values for the linear voltage controllable resistors 108a-108d are important. It is carefully calculated by taking the above factors into account uniformly for all pages.

[26] A large number of weighted inbound links and a web page's excellent content score are interpreted as a large resistance value between the node and ground. The small conductance at the large resistance value reflects the fact that the user's energy or "potential" tendency remains high at the node. On the other hand, lightly weighted inbound links and insufficient content scores of web pages, are interpreted as small resistances between nodes and ground. High conductivity with small resistance values keeps the node "close" to ground. In one embodiment, non-indexed directory sites will be blocked by lowering resistance if there are too many outbound links. In practice, it is possible to manually detect whether a web page is part of an indexed directory site by a human.

[27] To simulate a connection such as a hyperlink between two web pages, in a circuit, diode-like devices 110a-110c are used to connect two web page nodes. The diode-like devices 110a-110c allow energy feedback and feedforward between two nodes, which is proportional to the potential difference between the two nodes. A true diode in an integrated circuit has the property of allowing forward current and limiting reverse current. In one embodiment, the diode-like devices 110a-110c are similar.

[28] It can be noted that the web circuit 100 is passive and only passive devices are used to represent hyperlinks. Therefore, the mesh circuit 100 is stable. Instead, the PageRank used by Google Technologies The system needs to transmit the value c remotely, 0<c<1 (0.85 in practice), so as to make it converge. Thus, in PageRank In the system, the hyperlink will be modeled as a voltage-controllable current source.

[29] Fig. 2 shows, by way of example, a graph 150 of current versus potential difference between two nodes P and N. Links are from P to N. If the potential of node P is higher than the potential of node N, the conductivity of the device is relatively large. If the potential of node P is lower than that of node N, the conductivity of the device is relatively small. This ensures that webpages with lower rankings do not affect the ranking of higher ranking webpages by creating links to them. Also, if a web page A with a high rank creates a link to a web page B with a low rank, the rank of the web page B with a low rank will increase significantly. In addition, the ranks of two pages that are close in rank will become closer. It should be noted that the number of weighted inbound links for B grows with links from A to B. However, this effect is only related to the grade of A and some other predetermined factors, and has nothing to do with the difference between the grades of A and B.

[30] In one embodiment, the web circuit model restricts web spam that may attempt to increase their level by creating many links to their web pages. To achieve this goal, the diode-like devices 110a-110c may be tuned by analyzing the linked content. For example, a large number of links on the same page as well as advertising links can be given less importance. Likewise, give greater importance to links with related content.

[31] The diode-like arrangement of the mesh circuit 100 limits reverse and forward currents in a non-linear manner. As shown in Figure 2, in one embodiment, the diode-like device is segmented in 4 zones. This piecewise linearity is useful for computational efficiency. In region I, there is no conductivity from node N to node P and the current in the direction from N to P is fixed at a preset current value. In region II, there is less conductivity in the direction from node N to node P. In region III, greater conductivity is provided in the direction from node P to node N. In region IV, a relatively large conductivity is provided between P and N, only slightly less than that of region III.

[32] This complex nonlinear conductivity model can be tuned both locally in sections of the network and globally to generate the desired simulation results. For example, nonlinear diode-like devices 110a-110c may be tuned to combat spam within a network domain. In particular, increased levels of sharing are allowed for hyperlinks within the same domain. This is achieved by increasing the conductivity in the piecewise linear region I-IV between nodes representing web pages within a single domain. This is reasonable for internal hyperlinks.

[33] Behavior of the designed net model

[34] The network circuit model is configured to have the following behavioral characteristics:

1. If a web page has a high content score and a large number of weighted inbound links, give the web page a high rank. Because of the limited reverse energy flow in the web circuit model, it doesn't matter whether an inbound link comes from a low-level or high-level page.

2. If a web page has a high content score, multiple inbound links and multiple outbound links, the page rank will be affected by the rank of the web page it links to. If it links to a low-ranking page, it will share its own rating and downgrade it slightly. This feature will give the network administrator the impression to maintain its link properly.

3. Give low content scores to web pages identified as spam. Even if the web page has multiple outbound links, its own rank remains low and it does not affect the ratings of other web pages.

4. If a webpage has a good content score but does not have multiple inbound or outbound links, the webpage can have an average or even above average rating.

5. If the webpage has multiple broken links, then downgrade the webpage.

6. Unlike the previous method, which hinders large domains of web pages with a large number of internal links, the present method does not have this undesirable property.

[35] Therefore, the web circuit model is able to find web pages with a large amount of content and web pages with multiple weighted inbound links. Additionally, the web circuit model supports webmasters in maintaining their sites and removing spam links.

[36] Regardless of simulation or rating stability, a hierarchical web search scheme can be employed based on the flexibility to configure the conductivity between a node representing a web and ground. More specifically, a depth hierarchy can be employed to separate a site's root web page. A site with deep hierarchies is one such as www.microsoft.com that has multiple pages originating from a root web page, relative to this root, to have multiple levels (e.g., more than one or two levels) level is addressed. Such web pages may be separated into two copies: a primary copy and a secondary copy. The primary copy inherits the web page's location on the web and gives a link to the secondary copy (it only links to the secondary copy). The master copy can be indexed according to keywords that are extremely relevant to the entire hierarchy of the root web page (ie, the root web page and all sub-pages). Keywords can be determined by analyzing all subpages in the hierarchy. For example, content analysis may be performed to identify keywords in sub-web pages. Keywords, if present, may be removed from the secondary copy.

[37] During simulation, a respective node is created for each copy, as shown by way of example in Figures 3A and 3B. Figure 3A shows an initial representation 120 of a portion of a mesh in the form of nodes of a mesh circuit. For purposes of illustration, the energy source and energy drain connections from the nodes are omitted. Each arrow may represent a hyperlink from one web page to another, or in the context of a web circuit a diode-like device connecting two nodes as described above with reference to FIG. 1 . A site 122 with a deep hierarchy includes a root web page 124 and multiple other web pages. Root web page 124 includes inbound links 127 and outbound links 128 . Other incoming and outgoing links (not shown) may connect to other web pages in site 122 . Furthermore, according to one embodiment, the root web page 124 is separated into a primary copy 125 and a secondary copy 126, as shown in the modified representation 120&apos; of FIG. 3B. Master copy 125 is connected to inbound 127 and outbound links 128, which are located in a similar position on the web as web page 124 was in original representation 120, so that the node representing master copy 125 inherits the original position. In the modified representation 120&apos; shown, a single link or diode-like device 130 has been added from the primary copy 125 to the secondary web page 126.

[38] Using this design, when searching for any word in a related keyword, one can easily find the master copy 125 with a high rating, which will appear in the top of the search results due to multiple inbound links 127. Because of the low level of sub-pages with useful information, previous search methods have difficulty finding useful information in deep levels. On the other hand, if you search for keywords other than the associated keywords, you will find a secondary copy with a lower rank, but because of the lower rank, it will not be in the top of the search results. This approach makes searching for sites with deep hierarchies more feasible and useful, and will tend to direct users to root web pages of related sites with deep hierarchies. Search results including related sub-pages can be compressed into the search result entry of the root page for added usefulness, allowing the user to click a button to expand and view all sub-pages. In one embodiment, the user may choose to perform this type of search, or conduct a search based on the initial representation as shown in Figure 3A.

【39】Example

[40] Table 1 represents a schematic netlist for describing a net circuit with 15 nodes:

Table 16 --> ^* web netlist vdd 1 0 DC 5 ^* model: .MODEL dmod D rs=1000is=le-13 ^* circuit description: r12 1 2 1r13 1 3 1r14 1 4 1r15 1 5 1r16 1 6 1r17 1 7 1r18 1 8 1r19 1 9 1r110 1 10 1r111 1 11 1r112 1 12 1d52 2 5 dmodd53 3 5 dmodd54 4 5 dmodd56 6 5 dmodd57 7 5 dmodd58 8 5 dmodd59 9 5 dmodd512 12 5 dmodd515 13 5 dmod

d105 5 10 dmodd115 2 12 dmod ^* Just for simplicity of description, a resistor to ground is used instead of a controllable resistor, ie the control function is constant. rr20 2 0 1rr30 3 0 1rr40 4 0 1 ^* resistance from weighted inbound links rr50 5 0 8.5rr60 6 0 1rr70 7 0 1rr80 8 0 1rr90 9 0 1 ^* resistance from weighted inbound links rr100 10 0 2 ^* tuned The resistance of rr110 11 0 3 ^* from weighted inbound links The resistance of rr120 12 0 1.5 ^* The resistance is 1 with no inbound links. rr130 13 0 1 ^* analysis: .options numthread=2.tran 1ns 6nsend

[41] Table 2 shows the results after solving the netlist for the voltage of each node:

[42] As shown in Table 2, node 5 has the highest score, 4.47318, because the corresponding web page has multiple inbound links. Nodes 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 13 have relatively low scores because they have no inbound links and only mediocre content scores. It doesn't help that they link to node 5. Node 11 has the second highest voltage because of the tuning of the resistance to ground. Node 10 has the third highest score because its content is good and it has an inbound link from Node 5. Node 12 has the fourth score because it has an inbound link from Node 2. Because the voltage at node 2 is lower than the voltage at node 5 , the voltage at node 12 is lower than the voltage at node 10 . There is no link between the user and the web page represented by node 13 . Therefore, node 13 has the lowest rank. This is a personalized web search and will be explained later.

[43] The nonlinear network circuit model described here has a large space for the design of complex network rating systems. Existing techniques for analyzing integrated circuits (many with millions of nodes) can be used for page ranking using the web circuit model of the present invention. To efficiently address large nonlinear systems, co-pending US Patent Application No. 11/612,335, filed December 18, 2006, is hereby incorporated by reference.

[44] Integrated web index and web search

[45] Regardless of simulation or rating stability, integrated web search and indexing services can be provided based on flexibility in handling indexing lists. In one embodiment, an index is manually created to guide web searches, while web search results are used to help expand the index. Positive feedback between indexed directories and web search can help each improve the other. Thus, without any changes to the web search user interface or reliance on user experience, integration between web indexes and web searches can be built into the search process naturally.

[46] In one embodiment, an initial index directory is manually created and simulated as a network circuit for a portion of the Internet space. In the network circuit model, the weight of outbound links is increased. When simulating this web circuit model, the weight of outbound links leads to web indexes that have a significant impact on search results. Users still perform the same types of searches, but the results will become more relevant thanks to improvements and tweaks to the web index that guides our backend ratings.

[47] FIG. 6 shows a flowchart 300 representing an exemplary process for integrating indexed directories into web search. The process begins as indicated by start block 302 and flows to operation 304 of creating an initial web index directory. The initial web index can be manually generated or an existing web index can be used. For example, an initial web index may include a number of web pages providing links to sites related to finance, news, travel, and the like.

[48] Once the initial web index is created in operation 304, the process will flow to operation 306, where links in the index are given greater weight in the ranking process. This is different from the existing web rating algorithm; in the existing algorithm, the weight of each outgoing link is divided by the total number of outgoing links. Since this division operation is not performed, the link is awarded a large weight to provide a large boost in the resulting rating.

[49] Then in operation 308, a network circuit model is constructed as described above with reference to FIG. 1, including the network index, and its links are weighted to increase their ranks. In operation 310, the web circuit model is simulated, and the web page is rated according to the simulation results as described above.

[50] At operation 312, the results of the simulation are used to improve the web index, which in turn will improve the search results for the user. In one embodiment, operation 312 is a combined manual and automated process. For example, top search results not included in the index may be validated and added to the index if authorized. This further enhances the web index for future searches.

[51] After operation 312, the process returns to operation 306. Accordingly, operations 306-312 may be repeated any number of times in an iterative manner to continuously improve the integrated index catalog and search results.

[52] Query-Sensitive Web Search

[53] The network circuit model allows querying of sensitive network ratings. This is especially useful for enterprise searches. The term "corporate search" refers to searches within a corporate intranet or corporate website domain name. The number of web pages within Enterprise Search is much smaller than on the Internet. The number of relevant web pages for a user query is even more limited. As a result, real-time web page rankings can be calculated after each query.

[54] In one embodiment, the resistance of resistors 106a-106d between voltage node 104 and nodes representing web pages not relevant to the query may be increased. Additionally, the resistance of resistors 110a-110d between ground and nodes representing web pages not relevant to the query can be reduced. The amount of increase and/or decrease can be adjusted according to the degree to which they are related or irrelevant. Relevance can be determined using keyword analysis methods and other known document analysis methods. So this will downgrade irrelevant pages.

[55] Optionally, the relevance of each webpage to the query can be incorporated into the model by modifying the content score. Pages that are more relevant to the query can have their Content Score spiked, while pages that are less relevant to the query can have their Content Score dropped. The result of this change will be to modify the resistance value between each node representing the webpage and ground based on the degree of correlation. For webpages with high correlation, the level of the webpage can be improved by increasing the resistance value between the node and the ground.

[56] For query-sensitive webpage ratings, query-related webpages with multiple inbound links from other query-related webpages will be given high ratings. For enterprise queries, the user or enterprise may be allowed to control this adjustment. This will allow businesses of all kinds to use search engines to get the results they want based on the network circuit model described here.

[57] In order to improve the efficiency and response time in querying sensitive network circuit simulation, the US patent application No. 11/612,335 entitled "parallelMulti-Rate Circuit Simulation (parallel multi-rate circuit simulation)" submitted on December 18, 2006 can be used The multirate circuit emulation scheme described in . Irrelevant web pages quickly converge to low scores and become hidden. These hidden web pages are then excluded from the simulation, thereby simplifying the scheme.

[58] In a non-corporate environment, eg, in a global Internet search, a preset number of top pre-rated web pages can be modeled into a web circuit to customize the ranking of the top pre-rated sites. For example, the top 1,000,000 web pages returned from a general index search can be custom modeled according to the query to generate a custom query-based rating.

【59】Subject Sensitive Web Search

[60] The web circuit model also allows topic-sensitive web searches. In topic-sensitive web search, an indexing directory service is identified that is relevant to a particular topic of interest to a user. Give higher weight to outbound links from these indexed directory services. In one embodiment, the diode-like varistor model for these indexed directory sites and hyperlinks between sites within the indexed directory is tuned to allow for higher reverse conductivity. This will work to automatically pick out good indexing directory services in the simulation. Conductivity in the model can also be normalized by the number of outbound links in the web index for this purpose. Based on this setting, Web Circuit Emulation will pick out good subject-specific index directories as well as good subject-specific sites.

[61] For a number of pre-standard topics, a topic-sensitive web search can be performed. A weighted average of topic-specific ratings can be calculated based on user profiles, which can be done at query time. User profiles are defined by different levels of interest corresponding to different topics, and the weighting used for averaging is proportional to the level of interest. The degree of user interest in different topics can be set directly by the user or calculated from the user's past web search history.

[62] Interactive and Adaptive Web Search

[63] In the interactive web rating model, users can query certain keywords and get the first web search results. Then, allow the user to drop some results from the top results and request another search. In the next search, a modified network circuit simulation is performed. In modified mesh circuits, a very low value resistor is placed between the web removed by the user and ground. This modified network circuit simulation will be more accurate and more likely to return the results that the user really wants.

[64] To improve efficiency and response time for modified network circuit simulations, the refinement step can be limited to the first 1,000,000 entries. It can be assumed that in an average user environment, no one will browse more than 1,000,000 entries. Of course, other numbers of entries may be selected depending on the application.

[65] In addition, the network circuit model can be used for statistics in practical applications. Web pages with multiple hits after a search can be promoted. This boost can easily be done by increasing the resistance between the web node and ground.

[66] As the number of sites and the amount of information on the Internet proliferate, interactive and adaptive web searches will become more likely to find useful results.

[67] Smoothing in rating changes

[68] Sudden changes in the ratings of particular web pages may be undesirable. Such changes may be caused by changes in links to or from the web page, or by changes in the content of the web page between visits by a worm. Using the complex network circuit simulation approach described here, the problem of sudden level changes can be minimized. In particular, a dynamic model can be used to make level changes smoother. In the dynamic rating model, each node is connected to ground capacitance and a transient process simulation of the grid circuit is performed in time. Capacitance to ground brings smoothness to changes in node potential. The diode-like devices 110a-110c in FIG. 1 may also be assigned a certain capacitance value.

[69] Alternatively, gradients can also be applied to new sites. The connection between the new site and the remaining sites on the network can be controlled by varying the conductivity in the diode-like device and its resistance to ground. Small conductances can be used in diode-like devices and large conductances in ground resistances, which limit the rating of new sites and thus the impact on other site levels. After a period of time, the conductivity and resistance can climb to normal values.

【70】Hardware simulation acceleration

[71] Network circuit simulation models can be assisted by hardware accelerators. Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) can be used to design specialized systems such as sparse matrix solvers. The dedicated FPGA system or ASIC chip will increase the speed of circuit simulation.

[72] Schematic application of web search tool

[73] FIG. 4 shows a flowchart 200 illustrating by way of example a process for performing a web search with rated web pages. The process begins as indicated by start block 202 and proceeds to operation 204 . In this operation, the Internet is initially (or continuously) accessed to identify web pages and hyperlinks between web pages. Then, in operation 206, a preliminary content score is identified using content analysis. More specifically, each web page identified in operation 204 is given a preliminary content score based on its content. Preliminary content scores may be determined as described above with reference to FIG. 1 .

[74] After establishing preliminary content scores for the web pages identified in operation 204, the process proceeds to operation 208, where an index is generated. The index includes a database of web page addresses indexed by terms found in web pages. Additionally, the index may include a preliminary content score for each web page, as well as other information, such as the total number of outbound hyperlinks and weighted inbound hyperlinks from other web pages, as described above with reference to FIG. 1 . In one embodiment, the rating may be established based on the Internet as a whole without first receiving the query.

[75] Operation 210 is optionally performed according to whether the rating is query sensitive mode. Where the query is sensitive, the query is obtained prior to establishing the network circuit at operation 212 . To obtain a query, a user enters a query string, such as one or more words or phrases related to the information the user is looking for. When implemented as a web page, a user enters a query into a text box in a web browser window. The query string is matched against web pages in the index to obtain a list of web pages related to the query string.

[76] At operation 212, a network circuit is established. As with the circuitry described above with reference to FIG. 1, the web circuitry simulates the index, or a subset of the index. If the ratings are query sensitive, as described above, the circuitry is modified according to the relevance of each web page retrieved by the search to the query. In one embodiment, web pages are pre-ranked according to query-sensitive ratings by first performing operations 212-218, as will be described in detail below. Thus, only the top pre-rated web pages relevant to the user query are retrieved and simulated in the web circuit of operation 212, eg, the top 1,000,000 web pages according to pre-ratings. This allows for real-time query-sensitive ratings of every web page in the index, regardless of how large that index is.

[77] At operation 214, a diode-like device outbound from an indexed directory service related to a topic indicated by a user or user profile may be adjusted to provide subject-sensitive web searches as described above. .

[78] Next, in operation 216, the mesh circuit is simulated to determine, for example, the potential (eg, voltage) of each node. The circuit simulation can be performed using known circuit simulation software. Alternatively, a high performance parallel multirate circuit simulation method, as described in related US patent application Ser. No. 11/612,335, filed December 18, 2006, may be implemented.

[79] After simulating the web circuit, the process proceeds to operation 218, wherein the web pages are sorted according to the potentials at their corresponding nodes. As described above with reference to FIG. 1, each web page is assigned a corresponding node in the web circuit. The simulation will identify the potential at each node. Nodes with higher potentials will correspond to higher quality web pages or web pages that are more likely to contain the information the user is looking for. Web pages of higher quality are then set to higher ranks.

[80] If the user query was not obtained in operation 210, then operation 220 may be performed to obtain the user query. For example, if the web search is performed in a non-query-sensitive mode, the query may be obtained in operation 220 after simulating the Internet to obtain a general rating. Normal ratings are ratings that are not affected by the content of the query. Once the query is obtained, only those web pages that are relevant to the query are taken from the sorted list of web pages obtained in operation 218 .

[81] At operation 222, a categorized list of web pages relevant to the user's query is generated and presented to the user. If the user is accessing the search facility through an Internet browser, the output is formatted in HTML and transmitted to the user's browser.

[82] If an adaptive search is employed, the user can modify the search results in operation 224 by removing undesired results and returning to operation 212 to build and then emulate a reduced-scope modified network circuit as described above. Otherwise, as indicated by completion block 226, the process ends.

[83] Realization of advertising system

[84] In the case of delivering advertisements during web searches, in order to deliver relevant advertisements, it is important to find words whose meaning is related to the query terms. These related words can be found by applying the simulation method described above to an online encyclopedia such as Wikipedia.

[85] FIG. 5 shows a flowchart 250 representative of an exemplary process for implementing a webpage rating system to identify words and phrases relevant to a query. The process begins, as indicated by start block 252, and proceeds to operation 254, where a query is obtained. The query can be a word or a phrase.

[86] At operation 258, pages of the online encyclopedia relevant to the query are identified. In one embodiment, the query is parsed to identify identified words or phrases. The identified words or phrases may include words and phrases that have dedicated pages in online encyclopedias. If such a dedicated page is found, it becomes the confirmed web page. If no queried word or phrase is confirmed, the closest match may be identified, such as a page of an encyclopedia containing the queried word or phrase that may be identified.

[87] In an operation 260, a network circuit model of the online encyclopedia is generated. The net circuit model will include a node representing each page of the encyclopedia, connected as described above with diode-like devices, each diode-like device representing a hyperlink connecting one of the pages of the encyclopedia to another page of the encyclopedia. Link. In addition, connect each node to ground through an energy drain connection. Since all nodes of the circuit model come from a known source, the online encyclopedia, in one embodiment all energy drain connections have a common resistance that can be tuned for optimal results for the circuit. Nodes representing identified web pages are connected to an energy source, such as a fixed voltage source.

[88] In operation 260, the network circuit model is simulated using a computer system to calculate the expected voltage at each node. This simulation can be adequately implemented as described above, either with existing circuit simulation software or with high performance parallel multirate circuit simulation as described in related U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 11/612,335, filed December 18, 2006 method.

[89] In operation 262, the web pages are ranked according to the voltage of the corresponding node, the highest ranked web page corresponding to the node with the highest voltage. By simulating a web circuit representing an encyclopedia, words or phrases that have a relatively high degree of relevance to a particular query term can be found.

[90] In operation 264, an advertisement related to a word or phrase with a high degree of relevance is selected from the plurality of advertisements. The relevance of an advertisement may be based on words contained in the advertisement itself or keywords related to the advertisement, such as words chosen by the person paying for the advertisement, which may be referred to as "keywords".

[91] In an operation 266, a document containing the advertisement is generated. A high voltage for a node in the network circuit model will indicate a word or phrase with high relevance. Advertisements containing or relating to these related words or phrases (eg, via keywords) may be delivered to users. After the document is generated and delivered, the process ends as indicated by completion block 268 .

[92] It will be appreciated that while an analogy between an Internet web page and an electronic integrated circuit is shown, other analogies may be applied to equivalent effect. The term "web circuit" is therefore not limited to electronic circuits, but also includes any similar systems. For example, an equivalent analogy can be made using a pump and circulating water pipeline system (pipingsystem), replacing a variable resistance with a valve, replacing a diode-like device with a device similar to a one-way valve, and replacing a voltage potential with a hydraulic pressure, that is, another form of potential energy. a form. Thus, while the analogy is helpful in understanding the concepts and mathematics of the nonlinear system of equations described here for modeling the Internet for the purpose of rating web pages, the step of generating a netlist representing an electronic circuit of a net circuit can be skipped , and these equations can be generated directly from web pages, their content scores, and other information (such as weighting inbound and outbound links) as described above. Therefore, a "web circuit" can be conceptually understood as a system of related nodes, each node representing a web page.

[93] With the foregoing embodiments in mind, it should be understood that the present invention may employ various computer-implemented operations, including data stored in computer systems. The operations are those requiring physical manipulations of physical quantities. Usually, though not necessarily, these quantities take the form of electronic or magnetic signals capable of being stored, transferred, combined, compared, and otherwise manipulated. Also, these performed operations typically refer to terms such as generating, identifying, determining, or comparing.

[94] Any of the operations described herein that form part of the invention are useful mechanical operations. The present invention also relates to apparatuses or devices for performing these operations. This apparatus can be specially constructed for the required purposes, or the apparatus can be a general purpose computer selectively activated or configured by a computer program stored in the computer. In particular, various general purpose machines may be employed, but it may be more convenient to write computer programs in accordance with the teachings herein, or to construct more specialized apparatus to perform the required operations.

[95] The present invention can also be embodied as computer readable codes on a computer readable medium. The computer readable medium is any data storage device that can store data, which can thereafter be read by a computer system. Examples of computer readable media include: hard drives, network attached storage (NAS), read only memory, random access memory, CD-ROM, CD-R, CD-RW, magnetic tape, and other optical and non-optical data storage device. The computer readable medium can also be distributed over network coupled computer systems to store the computer readable code and execute the code in a distributed fashion. Alternatively, the invention may be encoded in an electromagnetic carrier wave comprising computer code.

[96] Embodiments of the present invention may be implemented on a single computer, or using multiple computers or interconnected computer components. A computer as used herein may include a stand-alone computer system with its own processor, its own memory, and its own storage, or a distributed computing system providing computer resources to network terminals. In some distributed computing systems, users of the computer system may actually have access to component parts that are shared among a large number of users. Thus, a user can access a virtual computer on the network that will appear to that user as a single computer that is regular and dedicated to a single user.

[97] Although the foregoing description has been described in detail for purposes of clarity of understanding of the invention, it will be apparent that certain changes and modifications may be practiced within the scope of the appended claims. Accordingly, the embodiments of the present invention are to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive, and the invention is not limited to the details given here, but may be made within the scope and range of equivalents of the appended claims Revise.

Claims (28)

1. for a computer implemented method for the webpage rating to a website, wherein said webpage is the document with independent network address, and described website is the set of related web page, and described method comprises:

Generate the net circuit model comprising multiple node, each described node corresponds to a webpage;

Increase energy source electrode to described net circuit model, the very described net circuit model of described energy source provides energy;

Connect with source electrode and described energy source electrode is connected to each node, described source electrode connects that have dependence theme or fixing resistance, and two terminals of the resistance that described source electrode connects are connected to energy source electrode and corresponding node;

Connect with drain electrode and each described node is connected to energy drain, described drain electrode connection has the resistance relevant to the Preliminary Content mark of the webpage corresponding to described node, described energy drain is from described net circuit model received energy, and two terminals of the resistance that described drain electrode connects are connected to corresponding node and energy drain;

For the hyperlink of the first webpage in the described webpage of each connection to the second webpage in described webpage, class diode apparatus is joined the described net circuit between the first node of described node and the Section Point of described node, described first node in described node corresponds to described first webpage in described webpage and the described Section Point in described node corresponds to described second webpage in described webpage, described class diode apparatus makes energy flow to described Section Point than easier to the flowing of described first node from described Section Point from described first node,

Emulate described net circuit model to solve the electromotive force of each described Nodes, described emulation comprises and being input in computing machine by described net circuit model, and performs in described net circuit model and calculate with the electromotive force determining each described Nodes;

According to the electromotive force of node corresponding to described webpage, to described webpage rating.

2. the process of claim 1 wherein, described energy source electrode is set to fixed potential.

3. the method for claim 1, comprises further:

According to the resistance that the adjustment of index list webpage connects for the drain electrode of each described node, described resistance is the function of the value representing described index list web page quality.

4. the process of claim 1 wherein, according to the tuning described class diode apparatus of the context of the hyperlink represented by described class diode apparatus.

5. the method for claim 4, wherein, when the hyperlink corresponding to described class diode apparatus is positioned on the webpage with a large amount of hyperlink, reduces the conductivity of described class diode apparatus.

6. the method for claim 4, wherein, when the hyperlink corresponding to described class diode apparatus is directed to the webpage in the territory identical with described hyperlink, increases the conductivity of described class diode apparatus.

7. the process of claim 1 wherein that described class diode apparatus has piece-wise linear potential-current curve.

8. the process of claim 1 wherein that the resistance that described source electrode connects is fixing, connect to make all source electrodes and there is identical resistance.

9. the method for claim 1, one of comprises the steps further: reduce for multiple webpages relevant to the inquiry that user submits to the resistance that source electrode connects, or increases for multiple webpages that the inquiry that user submits to has nothing to do the resistance that source electrode is connected.

10. the method for claim 1, comprises further:

Identify the index list webpage relevant to a theme;

For distributing high weight from the outbound hyperlinks of described index list webpage;

Increase the back conductance ratio corresponded to from the class diode apparatus of the outbound hyperlinks of described index list webpage, described back conductance ratio is relevant to the easy degree of the node representing the webpage comprising described hyperlink through class diode apparatus from the node-flow representing hyperlink target to energy.

The method of 11. claims 1, comprises further:

Create web directory, described web directory comprises multiple outbound hyperlinks;

For described outbound hyperlinks distributes high weight;

By described web directory being integrated among described net circuit model for described web directory distribution node;

Perform the described net circuit model of emulation;

The result of described emulation is adopted to improve described web directory by the node be assigned with being considered as energy source electrode during emulating; With

Described web directory is integrated into the search for future among described net circuit model.

The method of 12. claims 11, wherein said distribution, integrated, to perform and improvement is repeatedly performed repeatedly, to strengthen further and to improve the grading of described web directory and future searches.

The method of 13. claims 1, comprises further:

Receiving some webpage from user is the instruction not being hoped to appear at the results list; With

Before the described emulation of execution, arranging the resistance connected corresponding to the drain electrode of some webpage described is low value.

The method of 14. claims 1, comprises further:

Increase direct earth capacitance to each node;

Described emulation comprises the transient process emulation performing described net circuit model.

15. 1 kinds of methods adopting computer system to perform net search, described method comprises:

Network identifies the webpage of a website, and wherein said webpage is the document with independent network address, and described website is the set of related web page;

For each described webpage, based on the content determination Preliminary Content mark of described each webpage;

Generate the index of described webpage, described index be words by finding in described webpage carry out the computing machine of index can search database;

Generate net circuit model, described net circuit model comprises the node representing each webpage, for described net circuit model provides the energy source electrode of energy, be connected with the source electrode corresponding to each node, energy source electrode is connected to a node in described node by each described source electrode connection, also comprise the drain electrode each node being connected to ground to connect, described source electrode connects that have dependence theme or fixing resistance, two terminals of the resistance that described source electrode connects are connected to energy source electrode and corresponding node, each drain electrode connection has the resistance relevant to the Preliminary Content mark of the webpage joined with described each drain electrode join dependency, two terminals of the resistance that described drain electrode connects are connected to corresponding node and ground, each hyperlink is connected in described net circuit two the described webpages being represented as class diode apparatus, described class diode apparatus has low resistance on the direction corresponding with the direction of hyperlink, and has high resistance on the reverse direction in direction corresponding to hyperlink,

Computing machine is adopted to emulate described net circuit to determine the electromotive force of each node;

Relevant voltage according to respective nodes is graded to webpage;

According to described grading, described webpage is classified; With

Generate the list of described webpage subset, described subset comprises the multiple webpages obtained according to a certain inquiry.

The method of 16. claims 15, the step of wherein said generation list comprises:

Described listings format is turned to html document; With

Described list is transferred to Web browser.

The method of 17. claims 15, comprises further:

Described inquiry is received from user;

Web page listings is obtained from the index relevant to inquiry string;

Revise the described resistance that described source electrode connects, connect to make each source electrode the resistance having and change with the degree of correlation quantity between a webpage corresponding in described webpage and described inquiry string.

The method of 18. claims 15, comprises further:

Identify the interested theme of user;

Identify those index list webpages relevant to described theme in webpage;

For arranging high weight from the outbound hyperlinks of described index list webpage;

The class diode apparatus corresponded to from the outbound hyperlinks of described index list webpage is allowed to have larger back conductance ratio.

The method of 19. claims 15, comprises further:

Receive the identification to the undesirably webpage in described web page listings;

Revise described net circuit model to connect to make the described drain electrode giving to correspond to undesirably webpage with low resistance; With

Emulate the net circuit model of described amendment, and

The simulation result of the net circuit model of described amendment performs classification and the generation of grading.

The method of 20. claims 15, wherein, the generation of described net circuit model comprises further for each node adds ground capacitor.

The method of 21. claims 15, comprises further:

Identify the website with deep layer level;

The root webpage with the website of deep layer level is separated into primary copy and time copy;

Primary copy described in index, makes described index comprise the key word relevant to described primary copy, and described key word is relevant to the whole level of the website with deep layer level;

Remove from described index to those keywords relevant with whole level in the word list that secondary copy is associated; With

Configure described net circuit model, make the inbound and outbound link representing the root webpage being connected to the website with deep layer level with class diode apparatus, described class diode apparatus is connected to the node representing primary copy, and the described node representing primary copy is connected to and represents time node of copy by described class diode apparatus; And the sub-pages in website is represented by the node being connected to primary copy by class diode apparatus.

The method of 22. claims 21, wherein the subset list of webpage is included in the link of root webpage and contiguous link, the link of described vicinity cause the link of sub-pages by compressed list to expand under the link of root webpage, described sub-pages is in the level of described webpage.

The method of 23. claims 15, comprises further:

Create web directory, described web directory comprises multiple outbound hyperlinks;

For described outbound hyperlinks arranges high weight;

By described web directory being integrated among described net circuit model for described web directory distribution node;

Perform the described net circuit model of emulation;

The result of described emulation is adopted to improve described web directory by the node be assigned with being considered as energy source electrode during emulating; With

Described web directory is integrated into described net circuit model, for the search in future.

24. 1 kinds for identifying the computer implemented method of relevant advertisements from multiple advertisement, described method comprises:

Obtain inquiry;

Identify the online encyclopedical initial page with multiple page, described initial page is relevant to described inquiry;

Generate the net circuit model comprising multiple node, each of described node corresponds to a described encyclopedical page online, described net circuit model comprises the class diode apparatus being connected to described node, each class diode apparatus represents one and connects the hyperlink of an encyclopedical page to another page encyclopedical, described each class diode apparatus connects corresponding node, described class diode apparatus there is the first resistance on the direction corresponding to hyperlink direction and with hyperlink side in the opposite direction on there is the second resistance, described second resistance is lower than described first resistance, described net circuit model has multiple energy drain and connects and an energy source electrode, described each node that described energy drain connects except by the node except corresponding to start page is connected to ground, and energy source electrode is connected with the described node corresponding to start page, the very described net circuit model of described energy source provides energy,

Emulate described net circuit model to calculate the electromotive force of each node;

According to the electromotive force of each node, the described online encyclopedical described page of grading;

Identify the relevant advertisements relevant to the top page in the page, described identification comprises those advertisements relevant to the words or phrase that correspond to the described top page in the multiple advertisement of identification; With

Generate the document comprising described relevant advertisements.

The method of 25. claims 24, wherein said online encyclopedical start page is relevant to the words be included in described inquiry or phrase.

The method of 26. claims 24, wherein each energy drain connection has common resistance.

The method of 27. claims 24, wherein said emulation comprises the computer program of net circuit model described in Dynamic simulation, and it is the same as a kind of integrated circuit (IC) design seemingly.

The method of 28. claims 24, the identification of wherein said relevant advertisements comprises compared with the words of the key word of advertisement and the top page or phrase, and the words of described top ranked webpages or phrase are words in the title of the top page or phrase.